Reliability and Validity of Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33830/ijrse.v5i1.1191Keywords:
Colorado Learning Attitudes, Colorado Science Survey, Physics, ValidationAbstract
This study aimed to propose revisions in the psychometric properties of Colorado Learning Attitudes for Science Survey (CLASS) based on the evidence found from this study. CLASS is a 42-item instrument that measures students’ attitudes towards physics and learning physics. In determining the validity of CLASS, 227 senior high school students from different schools in Metro Manila and  in Cavite, Philippines participated in the study. Statements in CLASS underwent exploratory factor analysis through principal factor analysis to determine its factor structure. Results showed that from the original 42 items in CLASS, 13 items did not reach acceptable correlation coefficient and factor loadings, thus they were deleted. From the remaining 29 items, four categories emerged: Personal Interest and Real-World Connection, Sense Making/Effort and Problem Solving, Conceptual Connections, and Applied Conceptual Understanding, compared to the eight categories from the original version CLASS. Specifically, the four factors were composed of the following number of items: 8 for Personal Interest and Real-World Connection, 7 for Sense Making/Effort and Problem Solving, 8 for Conceptual Connections, and 6 for Applied Conceptual Understanding. Reliability also reached acceptable overall Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.745. This study proposes this revised 29-item instrument of CLASS as a valid instrument which measures students’ attitude in the areas of personal interest, real world connection, personal effort and approaches in a physics course, and to problem solving.
References
Adams, W., Perkins, K., Dubson, M., Finkelstein, N., and Wieman, C. (2005). The design and validation of Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey. American Institute of Physics, 790(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2084697
Adams, W., Perkins, K., Podolefsky, N., Dubson, M., Finkelstein, N., and Wieman, C. (2006). A new instrument for measuring student beliefs about Physics and learning Physics: the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey. Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 56(2), 010101-010114. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTPER.2.010101
American Educational Research Association, Americal Psychological Association, National Council on Measurement in Education, Join Committee on Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (US) (AERA, APA, and NCME). (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. American Educational Research Association.
Comrey, A. (1978). Common methodological problems in factor analytic studies. Journal of Consult Clinical Psychology, 46(4), 648-659. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.46.4.648
Douglas, K., Yale, M., Bennett, D., Haugan, M., and Bryan, L. (2014). Evaluation of Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey. Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 67(6), 020128-1-10. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-10-0133
Goodwin, L., and Leech, N. (2003). The meaning of validity in the new standards for educational and psychological testing: Implications for measurement courses. Measurement and evaluation in Counseling and Development, 36(3), 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2003.11909741
Hamdi, S., and Kartowagiran, B. (2018). Developing a Testlet Model for Mathematics at Elementary Level. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 375-390. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11326a
Heredia, K., and Lewis, J. (2012). A psychometric evaluation of Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for use in chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 89(4), 436-441. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed100590t
Hong, T., Purzer, S., and Cardella, M. (2011). A Psychometric Re-evaluation of the Design, Engineering and Technology (DET) Survey. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(4), 800-818. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2011.tb00037.x
Kaiser, H. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Kusmawan, Udan, and Rafidah Abd. Karim. (2022). Teaching And Learning During Covid-19 And Beyond. In , edited by Udan Kusmawan and Rafidah Abd. Karim, 1st ed., 67. Jogjakarta: Deepublish.
Kusmawan, Udan. (2022). A Virtual Lab As A Vehicle For Active Learning Through Distance Education. International Journal on Research in STEM Education: 4 (2): 18–38.
Nainggolan, E. (2022). Implementasi Animasi Flash terhadap Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Ikatan Kimia. Medan State University.
Mills, R. J., Young, C. A., Pallant, J. F., and Tennant, A. (2010). Development of a patient reported outcome scale for fatigue in multiple sclerosis: The Neurological Fatigue Index (NFI-MS). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8(1). 22-28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-22
Syahfitri, J., Firman, H., Redjeki, S., and Sriyati, S. (2019). Development and Validation of Critical Thinking Disposition Test in Biology. International Journal of Instruction, 12(4), 381-392. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12425a
Tabachnick, B., and Fidell, L. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
Yong, A., and Pearce, S. (2013). A Beginner’s Guide to Factor Analysis: A Beginner’s Guide to Factor Analysis. Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 4(2), 79-94. https://doi.org/10.20982/tqmp.09.2.p079

Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jeah May Badeo, Domarth Ace Duque

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Content Licensing, Copyright, and Permissions
1. License
International Journal of Research in STEM Education (IJRSE) adopts the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) as the optimal license for the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly works for non-commercial purposes.
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by this license, which allows others to share and adapt the work provided proper attribution is given to the author(s) and the journal.
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons License: CC BY-NC 4.0
2. Author's Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright vested exclusively in the author, is free of any third-party rights, and that all necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
The International Journal of Research in STEM Education aims to disseminate published articles as freely as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, users are permitted to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only, provided that proper attribution is given to the author(s) and this journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- Copyright and proprietary rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- The right to use the substance of the article in future works (e.g., lectures, books).
- The right to reproduce the article for personal purposes.
- The right to self-archive the article.
- The right to enter into separate, additional non-exclusive contractual arrangements for the distribution of the article’s published version (e.g., posting to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), with acknowledgment of its initial publication in IJRSE.
If the author has a non-exclusive publishing contract with another publisher under a more restrictive license, the author still retains all rights to republish or distribute the work elsewhere, including commercially, as the author is not bound by the license conditions imposed on the journal.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article has multiple authors, the signatory of this agreement warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf and agrees to inform all co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement may be terminated by either the author or IJRSE with two months’ notice if the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within one month after receiving written notice.
No breach or violation of this agreement will cause automatic termination or affect the license granted to IJRSE.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To the extent legally permissible, the author waives the right to collect royalties in respect of any use of the article by IJRSE or its sublicensees.
8. Miscellaneous
IJRSE will publish the article (or have it published) once the editorial process has been successfully completed.
The journal reserves the right to edit the article for style, punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing, and consistency as deemed appropriate.
The author acknowledges that the article will be made publicly accessible, and such access will be free of charge for readers.